MY RIGOROUS EFFORT IN IMPROVING MY ENGLISH LISTENING,WRITING,SPEAKING & READING SKILLS!~~

Mastery of the English language? Many people think that just by attending a two or three-week course, they can become experts in the language. This is usually not the case. Those who are really good at the language have studied it for years, even decades. They read a lot and they learn everything they can about the language including the meanings of its words, its sentence structures and correct usage. Only after many grueling years of serious study have they become as good as they are. A great percentage of the success of such people depends on hard work not only just dreaming day and night…..

My first rigorous efforts in improving English listening, writing, reading and speaking skills is reading a lot of reading materials such as news paper, magazines, articles and others. By reading more, I can improve more in my vocabulary and indirectly I can get a new word power which I can apply in my English essay writing. By reading news paper, I not only get the latest news but on the same time I can improve my writing skill also. That is why I love to read news paper every day..

Listening to other people speaking can improve my listening and also speaking skills. When I listened to my friends spoke, I will try to catch up what they wanted to say. Besides, I also love to watch English movie. By watching the movie I can get new word while enjoying the movie..

In my pocket, I always bring along my small note book. If I know a new word, without wasting any time, I will take that small note book and jot down the word. If I do not know the meaning of the word, I will find it in the dictionary and copy the meaning. Then, I try to make a sentence to make me more understand the word and how to use the word correctly in my essay.

In my opinion, English language is the most beautiful I the universe.. When used in writing such as poetry, essays and literature, its incomparable beauty clearly shines through.. The language can describe events, scenes, people, moods, etc. so precisely that crystal-clear pictures are formed in the minds of readers or listeners.

With the beauty and other superior qualities of the English language,it is very easy to fall in love with it. And because of that, I will try my best to master this language by improving my weaknesses..

handphones!!!!

SATELLITE

A satellite, in today's world has many different applications in many fields. Although before artificial satellites were invented a satellite was known as the moon or other planets. The moon is a satellite of the earth, it orbits around the earth due to the gravitational forces of the bodies. However, today when people hear the word satellite they thing of man made objects orbiting around the earth. Which is true and in the rest of my paper I will tell you exactly what a satellite is.

What is a satellite ?
An artificial satellite is a man made object placed into orbit around the Earth for the purpose of scientific research, weather reports, or military reconnaissance. Scientific satellites are set into orbit to observe the space environment, the Earth, the Sun, stars and extra galactic objects. These satellites have retrieved a huge amount of information helpful to scientific research. Weather satellites are used every day for meteorological forecasts and in shipping. Also military satellites play a important role in today's modern military. Satellites are extremely important today. All artificial satellites have certain features in common. They all include radar systems, sensors like optical devices in observation satellites and receivers and transmitters in communication satellites. Solar cells are used to generate power for the satellites and in some cases ,nuclear power is used. All satellites need altitude-control equipment to keep the satellite in the desired orbit.( Grolier Encyclopedia). All this information should answer the question what is a satellite

The orbit of the satellite is achieved when it is given a horizontal velocity of 17,500 mph at sea level causing the Earth's surface to curve away and as fast as it curves away gravity pulls the object downward and at this point the satellite achieved orbit. As the altitude of the satellite increases, its velocity decreases and its period increases. The period of satellite is the time the satellite takes to make on revolution around the Earth. Satellites in later orbit are called synchronous satellites. If the satellite orbits in a equatorial plane, it is called geostationary which means it is always over the same place on earth at all times. This form of orbit is used in weather for reports of a certain area at all times.( Grolier Encyclopedia ) The orbit of a satellite is very scientific but not hard to understand.

Repairing a Satellite
Most people would think how can you repair a satellite when you are on earth at it is in orbit above you in space. the only possible way to repair satellites is to go into space and get them. That seems like a hard task almost impossible although it is hard today it is capable by space shuttle. The astronauts have to grab hold of the satellite by the arm in the shuttle then lock down the satellite in the shuttle's payload pay. The next step in the process would be to make a series of space walks by the astronauts to repair or in some cases replace malfunctioning systems.

The conclusion is this should have supplied you with information about the functions of a satellite. Which includes, the different orbits of a satellite and the results of a dead satellite. Also the difficulty of repairing a damage satellite. Almost every field is enhanced by the use of artificial satellites. Satellites have help improve our technology a great deal.
Works Cited

managing pressure

For many people, being part of the business world comes at a substantial personal cost: stress. “It’s a high stress job,” people often say, as if this testifies to the position’s prestige. For people whose ability to cope is at crisis point, however, stress is no longer a matter of bravado. For them, stress is a serious problem that can have far-reaching consequences. To avoid reaching this point, stress must be managed.

Know the Symptoms of Stress

It is important to be able to distinguish between pressure and stress. Pressure is motivating, stimulating, and energizing. But when pressure exceeds our ability to cope, stress is produced. Sustained high levels of stress can, at worst, result in illness, depression, or even nervous breakdown. However, there are a number of warning signs that can help you determine when your level of stress is bordering on dangerous.
Take a good look at your well-being. If you experience some of the following behavioral and physical symptoms on a frequent or near-constant basis, it can indicate that you have crossed the line between healthy pressure and harmful stress.

Behavioral symptoms

Constant irritability with people
Difficulty in making decisions
Loss of sense of humor
Suppressed anger
Difficulty concentrating
Inability to finish one task before rushing into another
Feeling the target of other people’s animosity
Feeling unable to cope

Physical symptoms

Lack of appetite
Craving for food when under pressure
Frequent indigestion or heartburn
Constipation or diarrhea
Insomnia
Tendency to sweat for no good reason
Nervous twitches or nail biting
Headaches
Cramps and muscle spasms

The visual arts are art forms that focus on the creation of works which are primarily visual in nature, such as painting, photography, printmaking, and filmmaking. Those that involve three-dimensional objects, such as sculpture and architecture, are called plastic arts. Many artistic disciplines (performing arts, language arts, and culinary arts) involve aspects of the visual arts as well as other types, so these definitions are not strict.
The current usage of the term "visual arts" includes fine arts as well as crafts, but this was not always the case. Before the Arts and Crafts movement in Britain and elsewhere at the turn of the 20th century, "visual artist" referred to a person working in the fine arts (such as painting, sculpture, or printmaking) and not the handicraft, craft, or applied art disciplines. The distinction was emphasized by artists of the Arts and Crafts movement who valued vernacular art forms as much as high forms. The movement contrasted with modernists who sought to withhold the high arts from the masses by keeping them esoteric Art schools made a distinction between the fine arts and the crafts in such a way that a craftsperson could not be considered a practitioner of art

DRAWING

Drawing is a means of making an image, using any of a wide variety of tools and techniques. It generally involves making marks on a surface by applying pressure from a tool, or moving a tool across a surface. Common tools are graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colo pencils, crayons, charcoals, pastels, and markers. Digital tools which simulate the effects of these are also used. The main techniques used in drawing are: line drawing, hatching, crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending. An artist who excels in drawing is referred to as a draftsman

PRINTMAKING

Printmaking is creating for artistic purposes an image on a matrix which is then transferred to a two-dimensional (flat) surface by means of ink (or another form of pigmentation). Except in the case of a monotype, the same matrix can be used to produce many examples of the print. Historically, the major techniques (also called mediums) involved are woodcut, line engraving, etching, lithography, and screenprinting (serigraphy, silkscreening) but there are many others, including modern digital techniques. Normally the surface upon which the print is printed is paper, but there are exceptions, from cloth and vellum to modern materials. Prints in the Western tradition produced before about 1830 are known as old master prints. There are other major printmaking traditions, especially that of Japan .

PHOTOGRAPHY

Photograph is the process of making pictures by means of the action of light. Light patterns reflected or emitted from objects are recorded onto a sensitive medium or storage chip through a timed exposure. The process is done through mechanical, chemical or digital devices known as cameras.
The word comes from the Greek words φως phos ("light"), and γραφις graphis ("stylus", "paintbrush") or γραφη graphê, together meaning "drawing with light" or "representation by means of lines" or "drawing." Traditionally, the product of photography has been called a photograph. The term photo is an abbreviation; many people also call them pictures. In digital photography, the term image has begun to replace photograph

A camera is a device used to capture images, as still photographs or as sequences of moving images. The term as well as the modern-day camera evolved from the camera obscura, Latin for "dark chamber", an early mechanism for projecting images, in which an entire room functioned as a real-time imaging system. The camera obscura was first invented by the Iraqi scientist Alhazen and described in his Book of Optics (1011-1021).[1English scientists Robert Boyle and Robert Hooke later invented a portable camera obscura in 1665-1666.

Cameras may work with the light of the visible spectrum or with other portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. A camera generally consists of some kind of enclosed hollow, with an opening or aperture at one end for light to enter, and a recording or viewing surface for capturing the light at the other end. Most cameras have a lens positioned in front of the camera's opening to gather the incoming light and to focus the image, or part of the image, on the recording surface. The diameter of the aperture is often controlled by a diaphragm mechanism, but some cameras have a fixed-size aperture.

Traditional cameras capture light onto photographic film or photographic plate. Video and digital cameras use electronics, usually a charge coupled device (CCD) or sometimes a CMOS sensor to capture images which can be transferred or stored in tape or computer memory inside the camera for later playback or processing.

Cameras that capture many images in sequence are known as movie cameras or as ciné cameras in Europe; those designed for single images are still cameras. However these categories overlap, as still cameras are often used to capture moving images in special effects work and modern digital cameras are often able to trivially switch between still and motion recording modes. A video camera is a category of movie camera which captures images electronically (either using analogue or digital technology).

Stereo camera can take photographs that appear "three-dimensional" by taking two different photographs which are combined to create the illusion of depth in the composite image. Stereo cameras for making 3D prints or slides have two lenses side by side. Stereo cameras for making lenticular prints have 3, 4, 5, or even more lenses. Some film cameras feature date imprinting devices that can print a date on the negative itself.

what is film????~~

Film is a term that encompasses individual motion pictures, the field of film as an art form, and the motion picture industry. Films are produced by recording images from the world with cameras, or by creating images using animation techniques or special effects.



Films are cultural artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect those cultures, and, in turn, affect them. Film is considered to be an important art form, a source of popular entertainment, and a powerful method for educating -or indoctrinating- citizens. The visual elements of cinema give motion pictures a universal power of communication; some movies have become popular worldwide attractions, by using dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue.



Traditional films are made up of a series of individual images called frames. When these images are shown rapidly in succession, a viewer has the illusion that motion is occurring. The viewer cannot see the flickering between frames due to an effect known as persistence of vision — whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source has been removed. Viewers perceive motion due to a psychological effect called beta movement.



The origin of the name "film" comes from the fact that photographic film (also called film stock) has historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, photo-play, flick, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the cinema, and the movie



ANIMATION..



Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing the result with a special animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed at a speed of 16 or more frames per second, there is an illusion of continuous movement. Generating such a film is very labour intensive and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly sped up the process.

Because animation is very time-consuming and often very expensive to produce, the majority of animation for TV and movies comes from professional animation studios. However, the field of independent animation has existed at least since the 1950s, with animation being produced by independent studios (and sometimes by a single person). Several independent animation producers have gone on to enter the professional animation industry.
Limited animation is a way of increasing production and decreasing costs of animation by using "short cuts" in the animation process. This method was pioneered by UPA and popularized by Hanna-Barbera, and adapted by other studios as cartoons moved from movie theaters to television.


Although most animation studios are now using digital technologies in their productions, there is a specific style of animation that depends on film. Cameraless animation, made famous by moviemakers like Norman McLaren, Len Lye and Stan Brakhage, is painted and drawn directly onto pieces of film, and then run through a projector.

cartoon in teaching?????

How to use cartoon in teaching

Helping children learn to understand political cartoons can also help them develop critical thinking skills, which inevitably will extend to every area of their lives. Political cartoons, and even the “Sunday Funnies”, are wonderful teaching tools that help give children insight into social and political situations. Children can learn to analyze cartoons, look for subtleties beneath the surface of familiar situations, and gain a better understanding of symbolism, satire, and humor.
Cartoons can spark thoughtful conversation, and open the doors for you and your child to discuss current events, social and family life, values, morals, and religious philosophies. They give insight into the world around us, and provide opportunities for genuine and meaningful communication.
Cartoons can also spark a child’s imagination and creativity. You and your child can develop your own cartoons, using them to share your point of view, or depict the situations that symbolize your own family, life, or beliefs.

A Picture Says a Thousand Words

What the author or columnist might say in a thousand words, the cartoonist is able to sum up in a single picture. This wonderful phenomenon is the substance that creates appeal in all cartoons.
In a single image, a cartoon can make us smile, make us laugh, or even make us sigh and shake our heads. The cartoon’s ability to do this often has little to do with the artist’s drawing ability. Instead it is the ability of the cartoonist to make us think, to connect things in new ways, to see below the surface of the picture, and to relate what we see - regardless of the subject matter- to our own lives in some way, that makes the cartoon great.

Resources for Cartooning in the Classroom

Newspapers in Education, or NIE in its abbreviated form, offers wonderful ideas on using cartoons in the classroom. Materials are available for children in all grade levels, and are divided into easy to access sections for grades K-4, grades 5-8 and grades 9-12. Helpful hints for teachers help to ensure that including cartooning as a part of your classroom routine is educational and rewarding, for teacher and student. Illustrated worksheets are available to download. These wonderful activity pages give children information on how to analyze cartoons and develop their own cartooning skills, while using currently relevant materials as a guideline for lessons. Visit Newspapers In Education for more information.

poor?? rich??

who is poor and who is rich??

one day..

A father of a very wealthy family took his son on a trip to the country with the express purpose of showing him how poor people live..

They spent a couple of days ang night on the farm of what would be considered a very poor family..

On their returned from the trip,the father asked his son..

>>How was the trip?

++ It was great Dad

>>Did you see how poor people live?

++ Oh yeah!!

>>So,tell me what you learned from the trip?

++ The son answered..

I saw that we have one dog but they have four..

We have a pool that reaches to the middle of our garden and they have a creek that has no end..

WE have imported lanterns in our garden and they have the stars at night..

Our patio reaches to the front yard and they have the whole horizon..

We have a small piece of land to live on and they have fields that go beyond..

We have servants to serve us,but they serve others..

We have walls around our property to protect us but they have friends to protect them..

The boy's father was speechless..

Then his son added....

++ Thanks Dad for showing me how poor we are..

Isn't perspective a wonderful things??

Makes you wonder what would happen if we all gave thanks for everything we have, instead of worrying about what we dont have...

APPRECIATE EVERY SINGLE THING YOU HAVE!!!!!

CULTURAL SHOCK!!

You may have heard these words -- Culture Shock -- already and possibly within a negative context. Conflict in our lives, however, does not have to be negative or incapacitating. It can be used as a source of motivation, introspection, and change. Keep this in mind as you read on.Culture shock is defined as a psychological disorientation that most people experience when living in a culture markedly different from one’s own. Culture shock occurs when our "...cultural clues, the signs and symbols which guide social interaction, are stripped away. ...A difficult part of this process for adults is the experience of feeling like children again, of not knowing instinctively the ‘right’ thing to do."

Symptoms of culture shock include:
Homesickness
Boredom
Withdrawal
Excessive sleep
Compulsive eating/drinking
Irritability
Stereotyping host nationals
Hostility towards host nationals

Everyone experiences culture shock in different ways, at different times and to different degrees. Since you will be spending a lot of your time with other Americans, the culture shock you should expect would be minimal compared to someone who is going to live with a Swiss host family and attend a Swiss university without any other Americans around.

Usually the cultural adjustment process follows a certain pattern. At first, you will be excited about going to Europe and starting a new adventure. When you first arrive, everything will appear new and exciting. However, after some time, you may start to feel homesick and question why the Swiss (or Italians or French) do things differently than Americans do. You may even become irritated with these differences. However, you will eventually get used to this new way of life. And before you know it, you will be getting excited about the return home to your family and friends.* An orientation will be provided for you upon arrival to the Center. This orientation will include information regarding culture shock and how to cope with it. In addition, the Student Affairs Coordinator is available to assist students with the cultural adjustment process.

~~PUBLIC TRANSPORT~~

Public transport is the primary form of motor transport. Whilst in the western world private cars dominate, in the developing world, which represents the majority of the global population, private car ownership is prohibitively expensive (for example, in dense urban areas through the high cost of parking), and walking, (motor)cycling, and public transport are often the only practicable options, with only the latter being viable for longer distances. This often takes the form of mini-buses that may follow fixed routes but are usually flexible, including taxi-style door-to-door transportation


Public conveyances that travel on roads alongside private traffic are often slower than private transport because ordinary vehicular speed of travel is further burdened, in the case of public transit, by service headways (wait times for passenger vehicles), connections, and frequent stops to board additional passengers. Use of some public transport systems may take up to two or even three times longer than an equivalent trip in a private vehicle, especially where transfers are required or headways are long. The challenge of headways, connections, and stops generally cannot be alleviated, so improvements to the speed of public transit often have focused on increases to vehicular speed beyond that of private traffic by means of the use of dedicated or semi-dedicated travel lanes (grade-separated, elevated, or depressed rights-of-way) and traffic light preempts


Public transport in general has a smaller footprint per rider than private motor transit, and thus has a significant advantage in areas with higher population densities because land space in such areas is at a premium. Cost is not the only relevant factor. In densely settled areas, traffic congestion frequently slows private motor transit to a crawl.


The term rapid transit, is often used to distinguish modes of transit possessing a dedicated right of way and having frequent, continuous service. Still, rapid transit often fails to live up to the name, as there are no firm guidelines as to how fast transit must be to be rapid.Light rail is another form of public transit, comprising of a tram or trolley operating on a rail line.

Emissions from road vehicles account for over 50% of U.S. air pollution. For every passenger mile traveled, public transportation uses less than one half of the fuel of private automobiles, producing 5% as much carbon monoxide and less than 8% as much as the other pollutants that create smog such as nitrogen oxides. Scientists estimate that public transportation already reduces emissions of carbon dioxide, which contributes to global climate change, by over 7.4 million tons annually.

If Americans were to use public transportation at equivalent rates as Europeans, scientists estimate that U.S. dependence on imported oil would decrease by more than 40% and that carbon dioxide emissions would be reduced by more than 25%. However, in almost all cases, public transit systems in the United States have had almost no impact on the number of drivers.

human activity VS nature

In many respects, human activity is to blame for global warming. Burning of oil and coal are obvious human activities that result in global warming. While nuclear power plants may look better in terms of greenhouse gases compared to burning of fossil fuels, nuclear plants will also directly add extra heat into the atmosphere. In the light of the accelerated greenhouse effect, such extra heat remains - even more than before - trapped in the atmosphere, adding further acceleration to the already accelerating global warming. As said, extra heat may seem insignificant compared to natural heat, but it may just tip the balance when deciding how to allocate subsidies to combat global warming. Similarly, where geothermal schemes extract heat from the depths of Earth, this may also constitute extra heat that wouldn't be added naturally.

Agriculture can also add substantial amounts of extra heat: animals release methane gas, clearing land for agriculture by burning forests releases carbon dioxide, inefficient farming practices result in release of nitrous oxide, etc. In Australia, greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture constituted 16% of total emissions in 2004 (source), while agriculture was largest source of nitrous oxide and methane emissions (source).

But that doesn't mean that all human activity was bad and that all farms needed to be transformed into forest overnight. Bad forestry practies also add extra greenhouse gases, due to composting and formation of swamps resulting in methane, and due to natural burning and firestorms. Many forests would burn naturally and this can be minimised with good forestry management. Similarly, termites release methane gasses, so it makes sense to avoid this.

Banning all human activity and letting nature go rampant is not the answer. The big challenge is to find ways in which we can live, work, travel and do things we want to do while minimising our contributions to further global warming. Capturing the heat of the sun and geysers, and capturing the turbulance of wind, waves and rivers is not only a way to use energy that is already present naturally, it can also flatten wild weather patterns that could do a lot of damage.

...GLOBAL WARMING VS GREENHOUSE EFFECT...

The atmosphere works like a greenhouse, shielding us from too much sunshine during the day, while also keeping heat trapped so that we do not freeze at night. In other words, the greenhouse effect shields us from both extremely high and low temperatures.Greenhouse gases such as methane and carbon dioxide, as well as water vapor, trap such heat in Earth's atmosphere. The more greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere, the stronger the greenhouse effect.As said, activities such as burning of fossil fuels add extra greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, resulting in a stronger greenhouse effect. This will both result in both less sunshine getting through and less heat escaping the atmosphere, but the combined effect is a relatively higher overall temperature on Earth. Over the years, human activity, specifically burning fossil fuels, has substantially increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, resulting in a stronger greenhouse effect, causing global warming and climate change.

So,the conclusion is all of us have to play our role to the next generation. This is very crucial for our beloved earth...

HAPPY EID MUBARAK TO ALL...~~

ASSALAMUALAIKUM....

hooray...!!! raya comes again..I was so happy as I could return to my lovely home..huhu..~~thats the point!! everyone becomes children for the second times..=p..

>>for the first day..

my family and I went to mosque for having "solat raya"..there are crowded at the mosque..I was very very excited..then,all of us listened to the "khutbah" delivered by "khatib".then we returned home and forgive each others.. suprisingly,I got "angpau" from my Mom,Dad and also my oldest sister..hehe~~=p after that,we went to visit our relatives such as "mak teh","mak long","pak ngah" and "mak ucu".. then all of us gathered togethter at "tok wan's" house and walking together to the grave to recite yasiin and "doa" to whom are not with us anymore...

>>second day...

I woke up early because today we had to get ready to prepare food such as satay,rendang,ketupat and etc because we had an open house on that day.. almosrt all of my cousins,my friends and my relatives to our open house.. we were so overjoy and enjoy ourselves eating all the delicious meals.. i were so tired in that evening because i have to do my job such as to wash all the plates and to treat all my guest..although i was so tired, i felt very happy and enjoy on that day..because of so tired on that day,i sleep early at night...